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學(xué)習(xí)總結(jié)

初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)牛津版

時(shí)間:2023-02-21 10:04:17 啟宏 學(xué)習(xí)總結(jié) 我要投稿
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初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)牛津版

  在平平淡淡的學(xué)習(xí)中,不管我們學(xué)什么,都需要掌握一些知識(shí)點(diǎn),知識(shí)點(diǎn)就是“讓別人看完能理解”或者“通過(guò)練習(xí)我能掌握”的內(nèi)容。為了幫助大家掌握重要知識(shí)點(diǎn),以下是小編精心整理的初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)牛津版,歡迎閱讀,希望大家能夠喜歡。

初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)牛津版

  初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)牛津版1

  1.stop to do sth. 和stop doing sth.

  “stop to do sth! 表示停止做其它事情而去做“to do sth!彼硎镜氖虑椋梢詫ⅰ皌o do sth!崩斫獬伞皊top”的目的狀語(yǔ);“stop doing sth!北硎静蛔觥癲oing sth!彼硎镜氖虑。

  例如: “Stop talking. Let’s begin our class。” said the teacher. 老師說(shuō):“別說(shuō)話了,讓我們開(kāi)始上課!

  We have kept doing our homework for a long time. Let’s stop to listen to music. 我們做家庭作業(yè)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了,讓我們停下來(lái)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。

  2.forget to do sth。和forget doing sth. (remember to do sth. 和remember doing sth。)

  “forget to do sth。”表示將來(lái)不要忘記做某事,談的是未來(lái)的事情;“forget doing sth!北硎就涍^(guò)去應(yīng)該做的'事情。

  例如: “Don’t forget to do your homework! said the teacher before the class was over.

  老師在下課前說(shuō):“不要忘記做家庭作業(yè)!

  “I’m sorry. I forgot doing my homework. May I hand it in this afternoon, Mr. Chen?” said Li Ming.

  李明說(shuō):“對(duì)不起,我忘記做家庭作業(yè)了。我今天下午交好嗎,陳老師?”

  3.have sth. done。(過(guò)去分詞)(讓別人)做某事

  例如:I had my hair cut yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午理了發(fā)。

  My computer can not work now. I must have it repaired. 我的電腦有故障了,我必須讓人修好它。

  4. 感官動(dòng)詞后接不帶to的不定式或者現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別

  例如:see sb. do sth。看見(jiàn)某人(經(jīng)常)做某事 和see sb. doing sth?匆(jiàn)某人(正在)做某事

  I often see him do exercise in the morning. 我經(jīng)常在早晨看見(jiàn)他鍛煉身體。

  When I was walking in the park, I saw him drawing a picture there. 當(dāng)我在公園散步的時(shí)候,我看見(jiàn)他正在那里畫畫。

  5. 在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中,感官動(dòng)詞(see, hear, feel, watch等)和使役動(dòng)詞(make, have, let等)要求接不帶to的不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),而在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)里,不定式要帶上to。

  例如:The boss often made the workers work 10 hours a day.

  The workers were made to work 10 hours a day.

  She was heard to use strong language. 聽(tīng)說(shuō)她罵人了。

  6.常用的幾個(gè)和不定式有關(guān)的句型:

  Why not do sth? 為什么不做某事?

  It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花了某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。

  It is/was +形容詞+(for sb。) +to do sth. 做某事(對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))怎么樣。

  7. 介詞后面一般接動(dòng)名詞。同學(xué)們要特別注意介詞to和不定式符號(hào)to的區(qū)別,例如下面的詞組一定要記清:

  prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜歡做……不喜歡做……

  look forward to doing sth. 期待/盼望做某事

  make a contribution to doing sth. 為……做出貢獻(xiàn)

  8. 現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別

  A. 現(xiàn)在分詞含有正在進(jìn)行的意思,而過(guò)去分詞含有被動(dòng)或者已經(jīng)完成的意思,如:

  a developing country 發(fā)展中國(guó)家 a developed country 發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家

  boiling water 正在沸騰的水(一般情況下水溫為100℃) boiled water 開(kāi)水(已經(jīng)燒開(kāi)的水,水溫可以依然很高,也可以是涼白開(kāi))

  a boy named Jim 一個(gè)叫Jim的男孩

  B. 有些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞都具有形容詞特征,但是它們的意思有區(qū)別。它們的-ing形式往往用來(lái)說(shuō)明事物的特征;他們的-ed形式表示被動(dòng)的意思,用來(lái)說(shuō)明人的情況。

  I am interested in this interesting story. 我對(duì)這個(gè)有趣的故事感興趣。

  I am moved at the moving sight. 我被這動(dòng)人的情景感動(dòng)了。

  They were amazed at the amazing facts. 他們對(duì)那些令人驚異的事實(shí)感到驚奇。

  初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)牛津版2

  一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法

  1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,常與表示頻腮度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用.

  時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday

  I leave home for school at 7 every morning.

  2) 客觀真理,客觀存在,科學(xué)事實(shí).

  The earth moves around the sun.

  Shanghai lies in the east of China.

  3) 表示格言或警句中

  Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必?cái)?

  注意:此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語(yǔ)從句中,即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).

  例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..

  4) 現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性.

  I don’t want so much.

  Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.

  比較:Now I put the sugar in the cup.

  I am doing my homework now.

  第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),用于操作演示或指導(dǎo)說(shuō)明的示范性動(dòng)作,表示言行的瞬間動(dòng)作.再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志,表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的客觀狀況,所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).

  一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法

  1)在確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的`動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).

  時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等.

  Where did you go just now?

  2)表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi),經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作.

  When I was a child, I often played football in the street.

  Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

  3)句型:

  It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時(shí)間了" "該……了"

  It is time sb. did sth. "時(shí)間已遲了" "早該……了"

  It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺(jué)了.

  It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺(jué)了.

  would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示’寧愿某人做某事’

  I’d rather you came tomorrow.

  4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過(guò)去時(shí),作試探性的詢問(wèn)、請(qǐng)求、建議等.

  I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些.

  初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)牛津版3

  1. Shall

  1)表征詢意見(jiàn),用于第一、第三人稱疑問(wèn)句。Shall I get some tea? 我給你點(diǎn)茶好嗎?

  Shall the boy wait outside? 讓那男孩在外面等嗎?What shall we do this evening? 我們今晚做什么?

  2)表說(shuō)話人的意愿,有"命令、允諾、警告、決心"等意思,用于第二、第三人稱陳述句。

  You shall do as I say. 按我說(shuō)的做。(命令)

  You shall have my answer tomorrow. 你明天可以得到我的答復(fù)。

  (允諾)He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. 有一天他會(huì)后悔的,我告訴你。

 。ň妫㎞othing shall stop us from carrying out the plan. 什么也不能阻止我們執(zhí)行這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。(決心)

  2. Will

  1)表意愿,用于各種人稱陳述句。I will do anything for you. 我愿為你做任何事。

  None is so blind as those who won't see. 不愿看的人眼最瞎。

  If you will read the這本書,我會(huì)把它借給你。

  2)表請(qǐng)求,用于疑問(wèn)句。

  Will you close the window? It's a bit cold. 請(qǐng)你把窗戶關(guān)上好嗎?有點(diǎn)冷。

  Won't you drink some more coffee? 再來(lái)一點(diǎn)咖啡好嗎?

  3)表示某種傾向或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。

  Fish will die out of water. 魚離開(kāi)水就不能活。 The door won't open. 這門打不開(kāi)。

  The boy will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by. 那男孩常常坐在那里好幾個(gè)鐘點(diǎn),看著車輛行人通過(guò)。

  3. Should

  1)表義務(wù)。意為"應(yīng)該"(某件事宜于做),用于各種人稱。

  You should be polite to your teachers. 你對(duì)老師應(yīng)該有禮貌。You shouldn't waste any time. 你不應(yīng)該浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。

  2)表推測(cè),意為"想必一定、照說(shuō)應(yīng)該、估計(jì)"等。

  The film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors. 這部新電影是一流演員主演的,估計(jì)拍得很好。They should be home by now. 照說(shuō)他們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)當(dāng)已經(jīng)到家了。

  4.Would

  1)表意I said I would do anything for you. 我說(shuō)過(guò)我愿意為你做任何事。

  2)表委婉地提出請(qǐng)求、建議或看法。Would you like another glass of beer? 再來(lái)杯啤酒好嗎?

  Would you mind cleaning the window? 請(qǐng)把窗戶擦一下好嗎?

  They wouldn't have anything against it. 他們不會(huì)有什么反對(duì)意見(jiàn)。

  3)表過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去的一種傾向。Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help. 她每遇到麻煩都會(huì)向她求助。他告訴我盒子打不開(kāi)了。

  5. ought to

  1)表義務(wù),意為"應(yīng)該"(因責(zé)任、義務(wù)等該做),口氣比should稍重。You are his father. You ought to take care of him. 你是他父親,應(yīng)當(dāng)管他。You oughtn't to smoke so much. 你不應(yīng)該抽這么多煙。

  2)表推測(cè),暗含很大的.可能,語(yǔ)氣較弱。

  Han Mei ought to know his telephone number. 韓梅該知道他的電話號(hào)碼。

  There's a fine sunset; it ought to be a fine day tomorrow. 今天有晚霞,明天應(yīng)該是個(gè)好天。

  6. used to 表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),現(xiàn)在不復(fù)發(fā)生或存在。疑問(wèn)式和否定式有兩種。

  He used to live in the countryside, but now he lives in the city.他過(guò)去住在鄉(xiāng)下,現(xiàn)在住在城里。

  There used to be a building at the street corner, bn. 街道拐角處過(guò)去有座樓房,現(xiàn)在拆了。

  I usedn't (didn't use) to smoke. 我過(guò)去不抽煙。

  Used you (Did you use) to go to school on foot? 你過(guò)去常步行去學(xué)校嗎?

  初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)牛津版4

  初中英語(yǔ)備考知識(shí)點(diǎn):不可數(shù)名詞

  1、不可數(shù)名詞前一般不加冠詞,尤不加不定冠詞:若加a(an)則使之具體化了。 如:have a wonderful time.

  2、不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。

  3、不可數(shù)名詞一般無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)形式。部分物質(zhì)名詞在表不同類別時(shí),可用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:fishes(各種各樣的魚), newspapers(各種報(bào)紙), waters(河湖、海水), snows(積雪)……

  4、有些抽象名詞也常用復(fù)數(shù),變?yōu)榭蓴?shù)的具體的事物。如:times 時(shí)代,works 著作,difficulties 困難

  5、在表數(shù)量時(shí),常用“of”詞組來(lái)表示。如:a glass of milk,a cup of tea, two pieces of paper……

  初中英語(yǔ)備考知識(shí)點(diǎn):專有名詞

  專有名詞用來(lái)指具體的'人、地點(diǎn)、日子或物體的專有名稱。其特點(diǎn)是:第一個(gè)字母大寫,通常不與冠詞連用,無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)形式。

  (一)人名

  英美人的姓名與中國(guó)人的恰恰相反,姓在后面,名在前面,姓名前通常不用冠詞。例如:Mary Smith;George Washington。

  (1)一般熟人間通常用名稱呼。例如:How's John getting on? 約翰近來(lái)好嗎?

  (2)在不熟悉人之間或表示禮貌時(shí),常把姓和稱謂連用。例如:Would you please tell John Smith to come to the office? 請(qǐng)你告訴約翰·史密斯到辦公室來(lái)一次好嗎?

  (3)姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前加定冠詞可表示全家人。例如:The Turners have gone to America.特納一家人去美國(guó)了。

  (二)地名

  (1)大部分單數(shù)形式的地名不用定冠詞。例如:Asia;America;China; London;Shanghai

  (2)大部分單數(shù)形式的湖、島、山名前不加定冠詞。例如:Silver Lake;Mount Tai

  (3)山脈、群島、海洋、河流、運(yùn)河、海灣、海峽、半島、沙漠名前一般加定冠詞。例如:the Pacific;the English Channel;the Sahara

  (三)日期名

  (1)節(jié)日名前通常不用冠詞。例如:Christmas;National Day

  (2)星期名前通常不用冠詞。例如:Sunday;Tuesday

  (3)月份名前通常不用冠詞。例如:April;December

  初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)牛津版5

  各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)

  一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):

  主語(yǔ)+am / is / are (not)+過(guò)去分詞

  一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):

  主語(yǔ)+was / were +過(guò)去分詞

  現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):

  主語(yǔ)+have / has +been +過(guò)去分詞

  一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):

  主語(yǔ)+will +be +過(guò)去分詞

  過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):

  主語(yǔ)+would / should + be +過(guò)去分詞

  過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):

  主語(yǔ)+was / were + being +過(guò)去分詞

  過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):

  主語(yǔ)+had + been +過(guò)去分詞

  情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的`被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):

  情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞

  介詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)

  一些容易混淆的介詞

  表示時(shí)間的at、on、in的用法區(qū)別at主要表示:

  (1)在某具體時(shí)刻之前,如at seven o’ clock,at 7:30。

  (2)在固定短語(yǔ)中,如:at noon,at night,at that time,at the age of at the weekend,at Christmas。

  On用來(lái)表示“在??天”,如:On Monday,On May lst,On Children’s Day。 in用來(lái)表示:

  (1)在某年、某月、某季節(jié)。

  (2)在—段時(shí)間之后,如:in two hours,in a few days。

  注意:在純粹地表示在上午/下午/晚上時(shí),用in the morning/afternoon/evening,但在某一天的上午、下午、晚上前要用介詞on。如:on Monday morning,on the morning of Children's Day。

  動(dòng)詞固定搭配知識(shí)點(diǎn)

  1. want to do sth.想要做某事

  I want to buy a new computer this afternoon.

  我想今天下午買臺(tái)新電腦。

  2. would like to do sth.想要做某事

  I would like to invite you to come to my birthday party this Saturday.

  我想邀請(qǐng)你這周六來(lái)我的聚會(huì)。

  3. wish to do sth.希望做某事

  I wish to live on the moon one day.

  我希望有一天在月球上生活。

  4. help(to)do sth.幫助做某事

  I often help(to)do some chores at home.

  我在家經(jīng)常幫著做家務(wù)。

  5. hope to do sth.希望做某事

  I hope to have a good rest this weekend.

  我希望這周末好好休息一下。

  初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)牛津版6

  一.賓語(yǔ)從句的定義

  置于動(dòng)詞、介詞等詞性后面起賓語(yǔ)作用的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序必須是陳述語(yǔ)序。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞不定式,v.-ing形式后面都能帶賓語(yǔ)從句。有些形容詞(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以帶賓語(yǔ)從句。

  二.賓語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞的用法

  在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ),引導(dǎo)詞有:

  連詞:that (that ?墒÷),whether, if 。代詞:who, whose, what ,which 。副詞:when ,where, how, why 等。

 。ㄒ唬﹖hat引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句(在非正式場(chǎng)合that可以省略)

  可跟that從句做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。

  例句:The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.

  注意事項(xiàng):當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等詞,而賓語(yǔ)從句的意思是否定時(shí),常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。

  例句:I don't think it is right for him to treat you like that.

  在以下情況中that不能省略

  1當(dāng)句中的動(dòng)詞后接多于兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),第一個(gè)that可省,但后面的that不可省。

  例句:He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.

  2當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與that賓語(yǔ)從句之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí),that一般不可省。

  例句:Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.

  3當(dāng)that從句是雙賓語(yǔ)中的直接賓語(yǔ)時(shí),that不可省。

  例句:I can't tell him that his mother died.

  注意事項(xiàng):許多帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子,that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)常移到句子后部,而用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。

  例句:I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.

 。ǘ┯蓋hether,if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

  由whether(if)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,實(shí)際上是一般疑問(wèn)句演變而來(lái)的。意思是"是否"。賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。一般說(shuō)來(lái),在賓語(yǔ)從句中whether與if可以互換使用,但在特殊情況下if與whether是不能互換的`。

  例句:I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.

  只能用whether,不能用if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

  1在帶to的不定式前

  例句:We decided whether to walk there.

  1在介詞的后面 例句:I'm thinking of whether we should go to see the film.

  2在動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句 例句:We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week

  3直接與or not連用時(shí) 例句:I can't say whether or not thet can come on time.

  只能用if不能用whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

  1 if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,意為"如果" 例句:The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.

  2 if引導(dǎo)否定概念的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí) 例句:He asked if I didn't come to school yesterday.

  3 引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句even if(即使)和as if(好象)時(shí) 例句:He talks as if he has known all about it.

 。ㄈ┻B接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

  這樣的賓語(yǔ)從句實(shí)際上是由特殊疑問(wèn)句變化而來(lái)的,賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞常常是:see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。

  英語(yǔ)中的連接代詞有:who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)。

  例句:Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?

  英語(yǔ)中的連接副詞有:when,where,why,how,在句中擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ)的成分。

  例句:None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.

  三.賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序 賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序是陳述句語(yǔ)序即:連接代詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分。

  例句如下:

  1 I don't know what they are looking for.

  2 Could you tell me when the train will leave?

  3 Can you imagine what kind of man he is?

  四.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)

  1主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況使用任何時(shí)態(tài)。例句:The headmaster hopes everything goes well.

  2主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),從句須用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形式。例句:She was sorry that she hadn't finished her work on time.

  3 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是一個(gè)客觀真理或者事實(shí)時(shí),即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí),從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)!±洌篢he teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.

  五.賓語(yǔ)從句的特點(diǎn)

  1賓語(yǔ)從句可以作及物動(dòng)詞、介詞及形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。

  2 賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序一律用陳述句語(yǔ)序。

  3連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句在句中無(wú)詞義,不充當(dāng)句子成份,多數(shù)情況下可以省略。

  4whether 和 if 都可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,但 whether后可緊跟or not;whether從句可作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。

  5 如果從句太長(zhǎng),可以用形式賓語(yǔ)it.

  初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)牛津版7

  1.主語(yǔ):句子所陳述的對(duì)象。

  2.謂語(yǔ):主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作。一般是有動(dòng)作意義的動(dòng)詞。

  3.賓語(yǔ):分為動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)和介詞賓語(yǔ),屬于動(dòng)作的承受者。

  4.系動(dòng)詞:表示狀態(tài)或狀態(tài)變化的`動(dòng)詞,沒(méi)有實(shí)際的動(dòng)作意義。如be,感官系動(dòng)詞(look, sound, smell,taste和feel)、保持類系動(dòng)詞(keep, stay和remain)、狀態(tài)變化類系動(dòng)詞(become、get、turn和go)等。

  5.表語(yǔ):緊跟系動(dòng)詞后面的成分。

  6.定語(yǔ):修飾名詞或代詞的成分。

  7.狀語(yǔ):修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或句子的成分。

  8.補(bǔ)語(yǔ):分為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。是對(duì)賓語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明,與其有主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)的邏輯關(guān)系。

  例如:You should keep the room clean and tidy.你應(yīng)該讓屋子保持干凈整潔。(You是主語(yǔ),shouldkeep是謂語(yǔ),the room是賓語(yǔ),clean and tidy是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。)

  This kind of food tastes delicious.這種食物吃起來(lái)很可口。(This kind offood是主語(yǔ),tastes是系動(dòng)詞,delicious是表語(yǔ)。)

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